One set of cells sends the hormones they produce down through the pituitary stalk to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland where these hormones are released directly into the bloodstream. There are two sets of nerve cells in the hypothalamus that produce hormones. What hormones does my hypothalamus produce? The hypothalamus collects and combines all this information and puts changes in place to correct any imbalances. It also responds to stress and controls our daily bodily rhythms such as the night-time secretion of melatonin from the pineal gland, diurnal changes in cortisol (the stress hormone) and body temperature over a 24-hour period. The hypothalamus responds to a variety of signals from the internal and external environment including body temperature, hunger, feelings of being full up after eating, blood pressure and levels of hormones in the circulation. to keep the human body in a stable, constant condition. One of the major functions of the hypothalamus is to maintain homeostasis, i.e. In humans, the hypothalamus is approximately the size of a pea and accounts for less than 1% of the weight of the brain. It is an extremely complex part of the brain containing many regions with highly specialised functions. It lies just below the thalamus and above the pituitary gland, to which it is attached by a stalk. The hypothalamus is located on the undersurface of the brain. Computer artwork of a person's head showing the left side of the brain with the hypothalamus highlighted.
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